1864 Antique Engravings - WAR IN DENMARK - Prince Frederick in Kiel & Elmshorn

Description: A nice collection of three original engravings published in The Illustrated London News of January 16, 1864 relating to imminent war in Denmark (The Second Schleswig War - see below) entitled as follows: "Triumphal entry of Prince Frederick of Augustenburg into Kiel, Holstein" - see below "Torchlight welcome to Prince Frederick by the citizens of Kiel in front of the Railway Hotel" "Great meeting in favor of Prince Frederick of Augustenburg at Elmshorn, Holstein" Good condition - see scans . Unrelated text to the reverse. Image size approx. 11 x 8 inches. These are original antique prints and not reproductions . Great collectors item for the historian - see more of these in Seller's Other Items which can be combined for mailing. NOTE - International mailing in a tube is unfortunately expensive. The quoted price assumes that the pages are sent flat in a reinforced envelope. Alternatively a mailing tube, if preferred, would be $14.50 SECOND SCHLESWIG WAR -1864[edit]January[edit]For further political events, see History of Schleswig-Holstein.In January the situation remained tense but without fighting; Danish forces controlled the north bank of the Eider River and German forces the south bank. All the inland waters (Eider River, Treene, Schlei, and the marshes east of Husum and around the Rheider Au) that the Danes were relying on as defence to guard the flanks of the Dannevirke, were frozen hard and could be crossed easily.Domestically, Bismarck had been under great pressure since a constitutional crisis in 1862, and he was hoping to gain public support among Prussian liberals by achieving the "liberation" of Schleswig. The decision not to settle for the occupation of the German Duchy of Holstein, but to invade Schleswig, was taken by the Prussian and Austrian governments alone. The other members of the German Confederation did not agree, and it was even discussed to declare war on the two great powers. However, due to the military superiority of the Prussians and Austrians, this did not happen.On 14 January 1864, Austria and Prussia declared to take action against Denmark without regard to decisions of the German Confederation.[4] On 16 January 1864, Bismarck issued an ultimatum to Denmark demanding that the November Constitution should be abolished within 48 hours. This was politically impossible, particularly given the short deadline, and the demand was consequently rejected by the Danish government.February[edit]The fighting at Sankelmark in February 1864At the start of the war, the Danish army consisted of about 38,000 men in four divisions.[5] The 8th Brigade consisted of the 9th and 20th Regiments (approximately 1,600 soldiers each), mainly soldiers from the middle and west and north of Jutland. About 36,000 men defended the Dannevirke, a job which it was said would have needed 50,000 men to do properly. The 1st Regiment had been changed from a battalion to a regiment on 1 December 1863. [2]The Prussian army had 37 battalions, 29 squadrons and 110 guns, approximately 38,400 men. The Austrian army had 20 battalions, 10 squadrons and 48 guns, approximately 23,000 men. During the war the Prussian army was strengthened with 64 guns and 20,000 men. The supreme commander for the Prussian-Austrian army was Field Marshal Friedrich Graf von Wrangel.[6] The Austrian troops were led by General Ludwig von Gablenz.Prussian and Austrian troops crossed into Schleswig on 1 February 1864 against the resistance of the Federal Assembly of the German Confederation,[4] and war became inevitable. The Austrians attacked towards the refortified Dannevirke frontally while the Prussian forces struck the Danish fortifications at Mysunde (on the Schlei coast of Schwansen east of Schleswig town), trying to bypass the Danevirke by crossing the frozen Schlei inlet, but in six hours could not take the Danish positions, and retreated.Austrian illustration of the battle for KönigshügelIn the Battle for Königshügel (Danish Kongshøj, translated King's Hill) near Selk on 3 February 1864, Austrian forces commanded by General Gondrecourt pushed the Danes back to the Dannevirke. The Danish 6th Brigade had an important part. The battle was fought in a snowstorm at −10 °C (14 °F). Danish fighting against Austrians at Selk and Kongshøj and Saksarmen on February 3, 1864 is described as follows:The enemy sharpshooters immediately got reinforcement of a whole battalion, which advanced in a column with a music band which blew a storm-march, the battalion's commander followed on a horse, and after that the battalion's standard. Captain Stockfleth ordered his men to fire on the band and the battalion's commander and the standard-bearer. After that the storm-march sounded not so beautiful now that that lacked quite a few voices. The battalion commander's horse was shot under him. He grasped the standard when the standard-bearer fell, and now it went forward again with great strength.— [who?], This linkA Danish military report dated 11 February 1864 describes incidents near Königshügel/Kongshøj and Vedelspang as follows:On the 3 February the Regiment's 1st Battalion occupied the Brigade's forward post line while its 2 Battalion stood as a reserve in Bustrup. The company commanders Daue and Steinmann under Major Schack's command increased its main position near Vedelspang while the Stockfleth Company stood between Niederselk and Alten Mühle as well as the Riise Company behind the dam near Haddeby. The, 9. Regiment found its place about 1.30 p.m. and attacked an enemy unit which was coming from Geltorf and Brekendorf. The Stockfleth Company's main position, coming from Vedelspang, had advanced to Kongshøi, and Kastedethe same distance behind the Danevirke rampart in front of Bustrup. In Bustrup the shooting was heard about 2 p.m. 2nd Battalion occupied the rampart and covered the withdrawing squads. The enemy pressed intensely in the east towards Haddebyer Noor, but was stopped here and remained fighting in one place until it turned dark. They sent a company to drive away the enemy from Vedelspang, but could not press further on than to towards the north part of the exercise ground. The regiment's losses in this fighting: Dead, 1 corporal 1 undercorporal 7 privates; wounded, 2 corporals 3 undercorporals 18 privates; missing 11 privates.— Fredericia 11 February 1864, Scholten, Oberstlieutenant and Regimentscommandeur., reportOn 5 February 1864, the Danish commander-in-chief, lieutenant general Christian Julius De Meza, abandoned the Dannevirke by night to avoid being surrounded and withdrew his army to Flensburg; 600 men were captured or killed, ten of them frozen to death;[7] he was also forced to abandon important heavy artillery.The railway from the south to Flensburg was never properly used during this evacuation and the Danish army only evacuated what men and horses could carry or pull by road, leaving behind much artillery, most importantly heavy artillery. Some hours later, the Prussians and Austrians discovered the retreat and started to pursue.The Battle of Dybbøl by Jørgen Valentin Sonne, 1871This withdrawal to Als and Dybbøl has gone down in Danish history as one of the worst experiences that Danish soldiers have been exposed to. Some of them compared it to Napoleon's retreat from Moscow. It was northwards in a north gale with driven snow, and most of the soldiers had had no rest for the last four days and nights:image. The march was burdened with artillery guns and supply carts and had to be as slow as its slowest component. Men and horses had trouble standing. Horses could not carry or pull their loads properly because of the snow and ice; riders had to dismount and lead their horses. Artillery guns and carts overturned. The column of men and horses and vehicles seemed endless. The army had to march from the Danevirke to Flensburg, which took about 14–18 hours. (Schleswig (town) by the east end of the Danevirke is 20 miles from Flensburg as the crow flies, but further by road, plus getting from their positions to Schleswig town first.) They also had to fight rearguard against pursuing Prussians and Austrians. Some men in sight of Flensburg and thankful for the coming rest were ordered to stop or go back to man checkpoints. Many men were missing at the roll call, and it was thought that the many Schleswig men among the soldiers would desert the march on the way and go home; but most of them came in that morning or the next morning.The storming of DybbølNear Stolk-Helligbek, about 10 kilometers north of Schleswig, pursuing Austrians reached them, and in heavy fighting near Oversø, the 9th and 20th Regiments of the 8th Brigade lost 600 men dead, injured and captured. On that day ten Danish soldiers died of hypothermia.The Prussians crossed the frozen Schlei at Arnis on 6 February 1864, defeating the Danes there.In the Battle of Sankelmark (about eight kilometers south of Flensburg) pursuing Austrians caught up with the Danish rear party, which consisted of the 1st and 11th regiments. The Danes were commanded by Colonel Max Müller. A hard fight, where large parts of 1st Regiment were taken prisoner, stopped the Austrians, and the retreat could continue. However, the Danes lost more than 500 men there. After a short rest and some food and drink in Flensburg, the 8th Brigade had to march to Sønderborg, where they were taken by ship to Fredericia; the ship was so loaded that the men could not lie down, and on deck they had no shelter from the winter weather. Other units stayed in Dybbøl; a report says that some were so exhausted on arrival that they lay on the ground in heaps three or four deep to sleep.Danish Infantry Regiment repels attack by Austrian hussarsThe storming of Als by the PrussiansThe loss of the Dannevirke without a fight, which in the 19th century played a big role in Danish national mythology due to its long history, caused a substantial psychological shock in Denmark and, as a result, de Meza had to resign from supreme command. Denmark never again ruled the Dannevirke. The Austrians, under general Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz, marched north from Flensburg, while the Prussians advanced east on Sønderborg.On 18 February 1864, some Prussian hussars, in the excitement of a cavalry skirmish, crossed the north frontier of Schleswig into Denmark proper and occupied the town of Kolding. An invasion of Denmark itself had not been part of the original programme of the allies. Bismarck determined to use this circumstance to revise the whole situation. He urged upon Austria the necessity for a strong policy, to settle, comprehensively, the question of the duchies and the wider question of the German Confederation; Austria reluctantly consented to press the war.The Austrian army decided to stop at the north frontier of Schleswig. Some Prussians moved against Kolding and Vejle. On 22 February 1864, Prussian troops attacked the Danish forward line at Dybbøl, pushing them back to the main defence line. Prince Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to navigationJump to searchshowThis article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (June 2012) Click [show] for important translation instructions.This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Prince Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2010)(Learn how and when to remove this template message)Prince FrederickPrince of NoerBorn23 August 1800 KielDied2 July 1865 (aged 64) Bayreuth, Germany.SpouseCountess Henriette of Danneskjold-Samsøe Mary Esther LeeIssuePrince Frederick, Count of Noer Prince Christian Louise, Princess Michael Vlangali-Handjeri Princess MarieFull nameEnglish: Frederick Emil Augustus German: Friedrich Emil AugustHouseSchleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgFatherFrederick Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgMotherPrincess Louise Auguste of DenmarkPrince Frederick Emil August of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (Kiel, 23 August 1800 – Bayreuth, Germany, 2 July 1865), usually simply known by just his first name, Frederick, Prince of Noer, was a prince of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg and a cadet-line descendant of the Danish royal house.He was the second and youngest son of Louise Auguste of Denmark and Frederik Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg. As such, he was close to succeed in the Danish throne. He was the brother-in-law of King Christian VIIIand nephew of King Frederik VI. His elder brother, Christian August II, succeeded in 1814 as the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.After his second, morganatic union, he renounced the rights of succession to House of Augustenburg. He was created Prince of Noer or Nør by Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria afterwards.Prince Frederick died 1865 at Bayreuth.Contents1Marriage and issue2Ancestry3References4External linksMarriage and issue[edit]Frederick married on 17 September 1829, at Augustenburg, his second cousin Countess Henriette of Danneskjold-Samsøe (9 May 1806 - 10 September 1858) who was a Danish noblewoman and great-great-great granddaughter of Christian V of Denmark, belonging to an illegitimate branch of the House of Oldenburg. His brother had married his wife's elder sister nine year previous. They had four children:Prince Frederick Christian Charles August [de] of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (23 August 1830 - 25 December 1881), married in 1870 Carmelita Eisenblat (21 August 1848 - 11 August 1912) and took the title Count of NoerPrince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (13 December 1832 - 3 February 1834), died youngPrincess Louise Caroline Henriette Auguste of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (29 July 1836 - 25 September 1866), married in 1865 Prince Michael Vlangali-Handjeri (c. 1833 - 11 August 1911), a maternal grandson of Alexander HandjeriPrincess Marie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (8 August 1838 - 3 February 1839), died youngAfter Henriette's death, Frederick married morganatically on 3 November 1864, at Paris, Mary Esther Lee (3 October 1837 - 4 July 1914), the third daughter of David Lee, a New York merchant. They were childless. Eight years after the death of her first husband, the Princess married Count Alfred von Waldersee, a General who was later created Field Marshal.[1]

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